Scottish Marine Recovery Fund

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Closes 30 Sep 2025

Questions

1. Do you agree with our proposal that developers choose which MRF to apply to in the circumstances outlined in section 5.2 or More information below?

More information

Application process

The process for offshore wind developers to apply to a Scottish MRF will be separate from, but parallel to, the existing Scottish offshore wind consenting process. Primarily, the application process to the Scottish MRF will align with the established process for applying for a consent under section 36 of the Electricity Act 1989.

The full application process will be detailed in the guidance which will be published alongside the launch of the Scottish MRF in autumn. The sections below outline the key stages of the application process for offshore wind developers of projects within and outside Scottish waters. 

Projects or plans located in Scottish waters

[1] Scottish waters include the Scottish inshore region (between 0 and 12 nautical miles (nm)) under the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010, and in the Scottish offshore region (between 12 and 200 nm) under the Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009.
 

It is anticipated there will be multiple points in the section 36 application process where offshore wind developers will be able express interest in or apply to the Scottish MRF. In most cases, we expect the developer would initially identify a need for compensation measures either as they draft their Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) and supporting application information or at the submission of their section 36 consent application. At either of these stages the developer can submit an Expression of Interest

We are exploring the feasibility of undertaking derogation of the Updated Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy as a whole. If this plan-led approach to determining developers’ compensation requirements is taken, this estimate of compensation need could be used to inform the EOI. We are exploring the feasibility of undertaking derogation of the Updated Sectoral Marine Plan for Offshore Wind Energy as a whole. 

The Scottish MRF Operator will review the EOI and, if suitable compensation is expected to be available in the Scottish MRF, will confirm to the developer that the degree of compensation requested is available. The developer will then pay an initial fee to provisionally reserve access to appropriate compensation through the Scottish MRF.

The developer will make a full application to the Scottish MRF following the outcome of the Appropriate Assessment (AA) undertaken by the competent authority, which for projects located in Scottish waters is Scottish Ministers. At this stage, the developer can revise their request for compensation to address the impacts identified by the AA.

The Scottish MRF Operator will consider the full application, including any revisions, and will confirm the total fee required to deliver the compensation through the Scottish MRF. The contract will then be agreed between the developer and the Scottish MRF Operator, formalising the agreement for the developer to access compensation measures through the Scottish MRF, subject to a section 36 consent being granted. A developer may be able to use the contract and confirmation from the Scottish MRF Operator to support their section 36 application, as evidnece that compensation measures are secured.

If the developer is subsequently granted a section 36 consent, requirement to pat into the Scottish MRF may be included as a condition attached to the section 36 consent. 

Prior to the formal establishment of the Scottish MRF, offshore wind developers with projects in Scottish waters interested in addressing their compensation requirements through the Scottish MRF should indicate this in their section 36 consent application.

Until such time as the Scottish MRF is operational, offshore wind developers will be expected to identify other appropriate measures to deliver the necessary compensation for their projects. However, developers may wish to refer to the use of the Scottish MRF as a contingency measure should their own compensation measures not develop as planned. 

Projects of plans located in English, Northern Irish or Welsh waters

Offshore wind developers with projects located in English, Welsh or Northern Irish waters can express interest in or apply to the Scottish MRF to compensate for adverse effects to sites in Scottish waters. It is most likely that the developer would initially identify a need for compensation measures during the pre-application stage of the consent process, such as during the EIA, preparing the draft report to inform the AA or during the Habitats Regulations assessment stages.

The offshore wind developer would make a full application to the Scottish MRF following the outcome of the AA undertaken by the competent authority, which will vary depending on the location of the project. At this stage, the developer can revise their request for compensation to address the impacts identified by the Appropriate Assessment.

If the offshore wind developer is subsequently awarded a consent, the requirement to pay into the Scottish MRF may be included as a consent condition. 

2. Do you agree with the proposal for the way in which the two MRFs will interact to address cross-border impacts?
3. Do you agree with the proposed approach for making an application to the Scottish MRF and how it will interact with the existing offshore wind application and determination process?
4. Do you agree that the Scottish MRF should be a voluntary mechanism, including in relation to strategic compensation?
5. Do you agree with the proposal of an initial payment to secure access to appropriate compensation?
6. Do you support the proposal that the MRF Operator will be responsible for assigning appropriate compensation to projects?

More information

The compensation assigned to the application by the Scottish MRF Operator will be based on the scale and nature of the adverse effect of the project, and willl determine the full cost to the applicant. Cost of the compensation to an applicant will include the applicant's share of the cost to deliver, maintain, monitor and, if necessary, decommission a measure. 

7. Do you agree that the any payments made into the Scottish MRF will be non-refundable?
8. Do you support a full cost recovery model for the Scottish MRF?
9. If options are available, do you have a preference for whether the total payable to secure compensatory measures should be paid in a single lump sum or through a payment plan?
10. Do you agree with the proposal that a 30% adaptive management charge will be charged to all applicants to the Scottish MRF?

More information

Adaptive Management

Adaptive management is the adjustment or replacement of a compensation measure, if monitoring identifies that a current measure is partially or not effective or not otherwise operating as intended, to ensure that compensation is still secured.

Appropriate monitoring of measures will be undertaken by the Scottish MRF Operator (or another body on their behalf) to ensure that intended environmental benefits are being realised. The type and frequency of monitoring will depend on the measure and may vary over the measure lifetime. If monitoring finds a measure is not functioning as intended, the Scottish MRF Operator will utilise the adaptive management plan for the measure, to ensure that environmental compensation required by the consent is delivered or an alternative compensation measure can be deployed.

The adaptive management charge for the Scottish MRF will be set at 30% of the total estimated cost of delivery, maintenance, monitoring and any decommissioning of the measure and will be applicable to all measures.

The charge has been set at 30% to reflect inherent uncertainty in calculation costs and delivering measures over the long term, to ensure sufficient fund liquidity to meet all relevant fund obligations, and to comply with subsidy control regulations.

The Scottish MRF Operator will use this charge to fund adaptive management for measures. This may include;

  • modification if the measure is not functioning as intended
  • any adjustments needed to improve the measure’s efficacy, including if the measure has been delivered to specification but has failed to deliver the intended outcome
  • agreeing a new measure where there is a reasonable guarantee that a new proposed measure will meet the required objectives

The adaptive management charge will not include adjustments to the quantity of compensation required if the competent authority decides that the adverse effect has been greater than was specified in the original consent. The charge will also not include adjustments to the type of compensation if the competent authority decides that the adverse effect has been different to what was specified in their original consent, and a different measure is now required. For example, if a project that had been predicted to only have an adverse effect on seabirds is later revealed to be having benthic impacts, the adaptive management cost will not cover the required benthic measure.

These adjustments would be considered outside the scope of the adaptive management charge, as the charge is linked to the specific quantity and type of compensation that was agreed between the applicant and the Scottish MRF Operator. To accommodate these adjustments, the applicant would have to source the additional compensation themselves or apply for further compensation through the Scottish MRF, if suitable compensation was available.

The adaptive management charge will be non-refundable, and any unused funds from this charge will be redistributed across the Scottish MRF to meet other relevant costs.

As part of the adaptive management charge process, the following will also be agreed;

  • the Scottish MRF Operator will be responsible for delivery of the compensation specified in the applicant’s contract with the Scottish MRF Operator
  • if monitoring data shows that a measure is not functioning as expected, the Scottish MRF Operator will be responsible for delivering adaptive management
  • if a measure does not require adaptive management during its lifespan, the adaptive management charge paid will remain non-refundable

If a project delivering their own project-level compensation without using the Scottish MRF required an alternative measure as part of their adaptive management process, they could apply for use of the Scottish MRF to deliver this. If the measure they require is available via the Scottish Government’s portfolio of strategic compensatory measures, applicants would follow the same Scottish MRF application process. These applicants would still be subject to the adaptive management charge.

11. Do you agree with the proposal that the 30% adaptive management charge will be non-refundable?
12. Do you agree with the proposal that surplus funds may be used for further development of measures?

More information

Surplus funds

While the Scottish MRF is to be not-for-profit, it is possible the Scottish MRF may accrue surplus funds (for example, if adaptive management is not required). If this is the case, any initial surplus of funds will act as an operating balance and replace the initial seed funding provided by the Scottish Government.

As the Scottish MRF matures, the Scottish MRFO will determine an appropriate operating balance. If funds accumulate beyond this balance, we propose to utilise such funds for the identification and further development of new and additional compensation measures.

13. Do you have any other comments on the proposed costs and charges as described above (Questions 5-12)?